What is accumulation Frequency Curve or the Ogive in Statistics
First we prepare the cumulative frequency table, then the accumulation frequencies space plotted against the upper or lower boundaries of the corresponding class intervals. By involvement the point out the curve so acquired is dubbed a accumulation frequency curve or ogive.There room two species of ogives :
less than ogive : Plot the points with the upper limits of the course as abscissae and the corresponding less 보다 cumulative frequencies as ordinates. The points room joined by free hand smooth curve to provide less 보다 cumulative frequency curve or the much less than Ogive. It is a increasing curve.You are watching: An ogive is also called a cumulative frequency graph
better than ogive : Plot the points v the lower boundaries of the classes together abscissa and also the corresponding Greater 보다 cumulative frequencies as ordinates. Sign up with the points by a totally free hand smooth curve to get the “More 보다 Ogive”. That is a fall curve.


When the points obtained are join by straight lines, the picture obtained is dubbed cumulative frequency polygon.Less than ogive method:To build a accumulation frequency polygon and an ogive by less than method, we usage the complying with algorithm.AlgorithmStep 1 : begin with the upper boundaries of class intervals and include class frequencies to achieve the accumulation frequency distribution.Step 2 : note upper class borders along X-axis ~ above a an ideal scale.Step 3 : note cumulative frequencies follow me Y-axis ~ above a suitable scale.Step 4 : Plot the points (xi, fi) wherein xi is the upper limit that a class and also fi is corresponding cumulative frequency.Step 5 : join the points acquired in step 4 through a cost-free hand smooth curve to gain the ogive and to obtain the accumulation frequency polygon sign up with the points acquired in action 4 by line segments.
More than ogive method:To construct a accumulation frequency polygon and an ogive by an ext than method, we usage the complying with algorithm.AlgorithmStep 1 : begin with the lower borders of the course intervals and also from the complete frequencysubtract the frequency of each course to acquire the cumulative frequency distribution.Step 2 : mark the reduced class borders along X-axis on a sutiable scale.Step 3 : Mark the cumulative frequencies along Y-axis ~ above a suitable scale.Step 4 : Plot the points (xi, fi) where xi is the lower limit of a class and also fi is matching cumulative frequency.Step 5 : join the points acquired in action 4 by a cost-free hand smooth curve to obtain the ogive and to obtain the accumulation frequency polygon sign up with these clues by heat segments
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Cumulative Frequency Curve or the Ogive Example problems with Solutions
Example 1: draw a less than ogive for the adhering to frequency distribution :
I.Q. | Frequency |
60 – 70 | 2 |
70 – 80 | 5 |
80 –90 | 12 |
90 – 100 | 31 |
100 – 110 | 39 |
110 – 120 | 10 |
120 – 130 | 4 |
Find the average from the curve.Solution: Let united state prepare following table reflecting the accumulation frequencies much more than the top limit.
Class term (I. Q) | Frequency (f) | Cumulative frequency |
60 – 70 | 2 | 2 |
70 – 80 | 5 | 2 + 5 = 7 |
80 –90 | 12 | 2 + 5 + 12 = 19 |
90 – 100 | 31 | 2 + 5 + 12 + 31 = 50 |
100 – 110 | 39 | 2 + 5 + 12 + 31 + 39 = 89 |
110 – 120 | 10 | 2 + 5 + 12 + 31 + 39 + 10 = 99 |
120 – 130 | 4 | 2 + 5 + 12 + 31 + 39 + 10 + 4 = 103 |
Less 보다 ogive :I.Q. Is handled the x-axis. Number of students are significant on y-axis.Points (70, 2), (80, 7), (90, 19), (100, 50), (110, 89), (120, 99), (130, 103), are plotted ~ above graph document and these points space joined by totally free hand. The curve obtained is less than ogive.

Example 2: The adhering to table mirrors the everyday sales that 230 footpath sellers that Chandni Chowk.
Sales in Rs. | No. Of sellers |
0 – 500 | 12 |
500 – 1000 | 18 |
1000 – 1500 | 35 |
1500 – 2000 | 42 |
2000 – 2500 | 50 |
2500 – 3000 | 45 |
3000 – 3500 | 20 |
3500 – 4000 | 8 |
Locate the average of the over data using only the much less than kind ogive.Solution: To draw ogive, we need to have a accumulation frequency distribution.
Sales in Rs. | No. That sellers | Less than type cumulative frequency |
0 – 500 | 12 | 12 |
500 – 1000 | 18 | 30 |
1000 – 1500 | 35 | 65 |
1500 – 2000 | 42 | 107 |
2000 – 2500 | 50 | 157 |
2500 – 3000 | 45 | 202 |
3000 – 3500 | 20 | 222 |
3500 – 4000 | 8 | 230 |
Less than ogive : Seles in Rs. Are taken on the y-axis and number of sellers are taken top top x-axis. For drawing less than ogive, clues (500, 12), (1000, 30), (1500, 65), (2000, 107), (2500, 157), (3000, 202), (3500, 222), (4000, 230) are plotted top top graph file and these are joined free hand to acquire the much less than ogive.

Example 3: draw the 2 ogives for the adhering to frequency distribution of the weekly earnings of (less than and much more than) number of workers.
Weekly wages | Number the workers |
0 – 20 | 41 |
20 – 40 | 51 |
40 – 60 | 64 |
60 – 80 | 38 |
80 – 100 | 7 |
Hence uncover the worth of median.Solution:
Weekly wages | Number the workers | C.F (less than) | C.F (More than) |
0 – 20 | 41 | 41 | 201 |
20 – 40 | 51 | 92 | 160 |
40 – 60 | 64 | 156 | 109 |
60 – 80 | 38 | 194 | 45 |
80 – 100 | 7 | 201 | 7 |
Less than curve : Upper borders of course intervals are marked on the x-axis and less than type cumulative frequencies room taken on y-axis. For illustration less than kind curve, points (20, 41), (40, 92), (60, 156), (80, 194), (100, 201) are plotted top top the graph paper and these are joined by complimentary hand to achieve the much less than ogive.

Example 4: adhering to table offers the accumulation frequency the the age of a group of 199 teachers.Draw the much less than ogive and greater 보다 ogive and find the median.
Age in years | Cum. Frequency |
20 – 25 | 21 |
25 – 30 | 40 |
30 – 35 | 90 |
35 – 40 | 130 |
40 – 45 | 146 |
45 – 50 | 166 |
50 – 55 | 176 |
55 – 60 | 186 |
60 – 65 | 195 |
65 – 70 | 199 |
Solution:
Age in years | Less than cumulative frequency | Frequency | Greater 보다 type |
20 – 25 | 21 | 21 | 199 |
25 – 30 | 40 | 19 | 178 |
30 – 35 | 90 | 50 | 159 |
35 – 40 | 130 | 40 | 109 |
40 – 45 | 146 | 16 | 69 |
45 – 50 | 166 | 20 | 53 |
50 – 55 | 176 | 10 | 33 |
55 – 60 | 186 | 10 | 23 |
60 – 65 | 195 | 9 | 13 |
65 – 70 | 199 | 4 | 4 |
Find the end the frequencies by subtracting previous frequency native the following frequency to get an easy frequency. Currently we deserve to prepare the better than form frequency. Periods are tackled x-axis and number of teachers on y-axis.Less 보다 ogive :Plot the points (25, 21), (30, 40), (35, 90), (40, 130), (45, 146), (50, 166), (55, 176), (60, 186), (65, 195), (70, 199) on graph paper. Join these points cost-free hand to obtain less than ogive.Greater than ogive : Plot the clues (20, 199), (25, 178), (30, 159), (35, 109), (40, 69), (45, 53), (50, 33), (55, 23), (60, 13), (65, 4) top top graph paper. Join these point out freehand to acquire greater 보다 ogive. Typical is the point of intersection that these two curves.

Example 5: adhering to is the age circulation of a team of students. Attract the cumulative frequency polygon, accumulation frequency curve (less 보다 type) and hence obtain the typical value.
Age | Frequency |
5 – 6 | 40 |
6 – 7 | 56 |
7 – 8 | 60 |
8 – 9 | 66 |
9 – 10 | 84 |
10 – 11 | 96 |
11 – 12 | 92 |
12 – 13 | 80 |
13 – 14 | 64 |
14 – 15 | 44 |
15 – 16 | 20 |
16 – 17 | 8 |
Solution: We first prepare the cumulative frequency table by less then method as given listed below :
Age | Frequency | Age much less than | Cumulative frequency |
5 – 6 | 40 | 6 | 40 |
6 – 7 | 56 | 7 | 96 |
7 – 8 | 60 | 8 | 156 |
8 – 9 | 66 | 9 | 222 |
9 – 10 | 84 | 10 | 306 |
10 – 11 | 96 | 11 | 402 |
11 – 12 | 92 | 12 | 494 |
12 – 13 | 80 | 13 | 574 |
13 – 14 | 64 | 14 | 638 |
14 – 15 | 44 | 15 | 682 |
15 – 16 | 20 | 16 | 702 |
16 – 17 | 8 | 17 | 710 |
Other than the given course intervals, we assume a class 4-5 before the very first class interval 5-6 v zero frequency.Now, we mark the upper class boundaries (including the imagined class) follow me X-axis ~ above a an ideal scale and also the cumulative frequencies along Y-axis top top a an ideal scale.Thus, we plot the points (5, 0), (6, 40), (7, 96), (8, 156), (9, 222), (10, 306), (11, 402), (12, 494), (13, 574), (14, 638), (15, 682), (16, 702) and (17, 710).These clues are significant and join by heat segments to acquire the accumulation frequency polygon displayed in Fig.


Example 6: The following observations relate come the height of a group of persons. Attract the two type of accumulation frequency polygons and cumulative frequency curves and also determine the median.
Height in cms | 140–143 | 143–146 | 146–149 | 149–152 | 152–155 | 155–158 | 158–161 |
Frequency | 3 | 9 | 26 | 31 | 45 | 64 | 78 |
Height in cms | 161–164 | 164–167 | 167–170 | 170–173 | 173–176 | 176–179 | 179–182 |
Frequency | 85 | 96 | 72 | 60 | 43 | 20 | 6 |
Solution: Less than an approach : We an initial prepare the accumulation frequency table by much less than an approach as given below :
Height in cms | Frequency | Height less than | Frequency |
140–143 | 3 | 143 | 3 |
143–146 | 9 | 146 | 12 |
146–149 | 26 | 149 | 38 |
149–152 | 31 | 152 | 69 |
152–155 | 45 | 155 | 114 |
155–158 | 64 | 158 | 178 |
158–161 | 78 | 161 | 256 |
161–164 | 85 | 164 | 341 |
164–167 | 96 | 167 | 437 |
167–170 | 72 | 170 | 509 |
170–173 | 60 | 173 | 569 |
173–176 | 43 | 176 | 612 |
176–179 | 20 | 179 | 632 |
179–182 | 6 | 182 | 638 |
Other than the given class intervals, us assume a class interval 137-140 before the first class term 140-143 with zero frequency.Now, we note the top class borders on X-axis and also cumulative frequency follow me Y-axis top top a suitable scale.We plot the clues (140, 0), (143, 3), (146, 12), (149, 38), (152, 69), (155, 114), (158, 178), (161, 256),(164, 341), (167, 437), (170, 509), (173, 569), (176, 612),.(179, 632) and 182, 638).

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